VANCOUVER, B.C. - This article summarizes the evidence upon which to hypothesize that the Asian Tsunami of December 26, 2004 (Boxing Day) may have been caused by gravity waves which accompanied a gamma ray burst caused by the explosion of a Neutron Star in the Constellation Saggitarius, some 45,000 light years from Earth. The article also summarizes analysis of whether the December 26, 2004 event may be an indicator that a cyclical Galactic Superwave event, recurrent every 13,000 and 26,000 years, is overdue and may occur precipitously in the near term future. The Mayan Calendar's current TUN, or organic unit of Galactic time, ends on December 21, 2012.
According to one analyst, "both our species' recent history and that of the crust of our planet, have been both gradual and catastrophic. However, the catastrophes are of first and most immediate concern, since they relate to periodic "superwaves" or volleys of cosmic rays from the Galactic Center itself. The Galactic Center is an incredibly superdense region only about as big as the sphere enclosing Jupiter's orbit: it is about 23,000 light-years away in the constellation of Sagittarius."
Others analyze the 13,000 and 26,000 year cycles of the Galactic Superwaves in the context of spiritual and prophetic texts.
Under the Mayan Calendar, this TUN, or organic unit of Galactic time is
scheduled to end and a new TUN is scheduled to begin on December 21,
2012. According to the "Prophetic" frame of perception, the December
26-27, 2005 Gravity Wave/Tsunami was a Warning
that humanity should move out of a permanent warfare economy into a
peaceful, sustainable, cooperative, Universe-oriented Space Age
society, seeking to integrate with Universe society.
This
observor writes: "What could be coming from the sky to earth that the
Star People are symbolized above being in between? There is only one
thing, that even Plato said descends from the heavens after long
periods of time like a pestilence. It has a modern name, given by the
scientist that has researched this phenomena, Dr Paul LaViolette. It is
called: A Galactic Superwave.
"Stanford
had said years back: But there shall come a sign that is a warning.
This is related also, in part, to the energization of the ionosphere of
the earth. In it, or related to it, there shall appear an "apparition"
that will symbolize the way in which men have turned to materialism and
to selfishness - in a sense, to death. It shall symbolize the choice
that is represented in that recorded of old, "In this day I stand
between the living and the dead." That may be seen of all men. Still,
by jaded mind, science shall be inclined to dismiss it as natural
events and phenomena. But it shall be symbolic, in a sense, of the
judgment of the earth, of the karmas, the retribution to come in the
earth, that is mind created. So then, science misses the point behind
the event?"
Read Source Article by James Finn
In this light, the development of Exopolitics
at this juncture in human history seems fortuitous, "just in time."
(See: EXOPOLITICS: POLITICS, GOVERNMENT AND LAW IN THE UNIVERSE, available online at: http://www.filamentbooks.com/)
The Exopolitics model postulates the Earth resides is a populated,
organized Universe, operating under Universal law, with forms of
Universal governance, and mediated by the processes of Universe
politics amongst its constituent civilizations. Exopolitics provides
an institutional and educational bridge for integrating Earth into
Universe society. Is one central reason for the outreach of the UFO
phenomenon since 1947 to prepare human society for this integration,
knowing that the stress of a cyclical Galactic Superwave event would
occur by 2012, hypothetically? If there is any truth to this
hypothesis, then Exopolitics is the discipline that human society
requires to implement that integration - politically, socially,
legally, constitutionally, ethically, and Spiritually.
In fact solutions to the ecological,
social, and personal stress caused by phenomena
such as global warming and possible Galactic Superwaves may lie in an
Exopolitical future, in which we in human society decide to integrate
other spiritually advanced Off-Planet cultures now in the Earth's
environment and willing to integrate with us. Two specific programmes
proposed by Exopolitics are (1) A Decade of Contact in the form of an
open period of public education, science, community participation, and
media/communications about our populated Universe and (2) A Star Dreams
Initiative for public interest diplomacy with Off-Planet Cultures
designed to establish the infrastructure for our integration into
Universe society.
It
has not been determined to a certainty that Galactic Gravity Waves
caused the December 26, 2004 Tsunami and the many Earth Changes we are
witnessing at this time, and which are documented in this article. Nor
do we know for a certainty when any Galactic Superwave will strike with
the next 10 years, be that on March 6, 2005, as one observor
hypothesizes, or before December 21, 2012, or even in this Century.
But we do know enough just in the articles and Links
set out here that we must transform to a peaceful Space Age society.
Is the Galactic Superwave a form of the War Against the Asteroids,
another strategic deception operation to derail humanity away from
transforming the permanent warfare state? That is doubtful - The
papers below are based on science, and an Exopolitical strategy of
reaching out to Universe society seems healthy, sane, ethical and
Agape-based, not a strategy based on deception.
Exopolitics.com
Vancouver, B.C.
Galactic Core Explosions and their hazardous effects on the Earth
http://www.etheric.com/GalacticCenter/Galactic.html
Cosmic Explosion Among the Brightest in Recorded History
Exopolitics & A Galactic Superwave:
Host Clyde Lewis interviews futurist Alfred Lambremont Webre, JD, MEd
EXOPOLITICS: POLITICS, GOVERNMENT AND LAW IN THE UNIVERSE
Date: Sunday, March 13, 2005/ 10PM - 1 AM PT
LISTEN ARCHIVES: http://www.clydelewis.com/
X-Zone Radio, Host: Rob McConnell
Date: March 17, 2005
LISTEN ARCHIVES: http://www.xzone-radio.com/
The Life Work of Paul LaViolette
http://www.etheric.com/LaViolette/LaViolette.html
PAUL
A. LaVIOLETTE, PH.D, is author of The Talk of the Galaxy, Earth Under
Fire, Genesis of the Cosmos (Beyond the Big Bang), Subquantum Kinetics,
and editor of A Systems View of Man. He has also published many
original papers in physics, astronomy, climatology, systems theory, and
psychology. He received his BA in physics from Johns Hopkins, his MBA
from the University of Chicago, and PhD from Portland State University
and is currently president of the Starburst Foundation, an
interdisciplinary scientific research institute.
Paul LaViolette has an ongoing interest in metaphysics, mysticism, and music.
He
has served as a solar energy consultant for the UN, Greek government,
and Club of Rome Goals for Mankind Project and has also consulted
Fortune 500 companies on ways of stimulating innovation. Research he
conducted at Harvard School of Public Health led him to invent an
improved pulsation dampener for air sampling pumps. Related work led
him to develop an improved life-support rebreather apparatus for
protection against hazardous environments and for which he received two
patents.
Recognized in the Marquis Who's Who in Science and
Engineering, Dr. LaViolette is the first to predict that high intensity
volleys of cosmic ray particles travel directly to our planet from
distant sources in our Galaxy, a phenomenon now confirmed by scientific
data. He is also the first to discover high concentrations of cosmic
dust in Ice Age polar ice, indicating the occurrence of a global cosmic
catastrophe in ancient times. Based on this work, he made predictions
about the entry of interstellar dust into the solar system ten years
before its confirmation in 1993 by data from the Ulysses spacecraft and
by radar observations from New Zealand. He also originated the glacier
wave flood theory that not only provides a reasonable scientific
explanation for widespread continental floods, but also presents a
credible explanation for the sudden freezing of the arctic mammoths and
demise of the Pleistocene mammals. Also he developed a novel theory
that links geomagnetic flips to the past occurrence of immense solar
flare storm outbursts.
He is the developer of subquantum kinetics, a novel approach to microphysics that not only accounts for electric, magnetic, gravitational, and nuclear forces in a unified manner, but also resolves many long-standing problems in physics such as the field singularity problem, the wave-particle dualism, and the field source problem, to mention a few. Moreover based on the predictions of this theory, he developed an alternative cosmology that effectively replaces the big bang theory. In fact, in 1986, he was the first to cast doubt on the big bang theory by showing that it makes a far poorer fit to existing astronomical data when compared to this new non-expanding universe cosmology. The subquantum kinetics cosmology also led him to make successful predictions about galaxy evolution that were later verified with the Hubble Space Telescope.
Dr. LaViolette is credited with the discovery of the planetary-stellar mass-luminosity relation which demonstrates that the Sun, planets, stars, and supernova explosions are powered by spontaneous energy creation through photon blueshifting. With this relation, he successfully predicted the mass-luminosity ratio of the first brown dwarf to be discovered.
In addition, Paul LaViolette has developed a new theory of gravity that replaces the deeply flawed theory of general relativity. Predicted from subquantum kinetics, it accounts for the electrogravitic coupling phenomenon discovered by Townsend Brown and may explain the advanced aerospace propulsion technology utilized in the B-2 bomber.
He is the first to discover that certain ancient creation myths and esoteric lores metaphorically encode an advanced science of cosmogenesis. His contributions to the field of Egyptology and mythology may be compared to the breaking of the Rosetta Stone hieroglyphic code.
Galactic Cosmic Ray Volleys: A Coming Global Disaster
http://www.etheric.com/GalacticCenter/Galactic.html
"Galactic
core outbursts are the most energetic phenomenon taking place in the
universe. The active, quasar-like core of spiral galaxy PG 0052+251
(Figure 1-a), for example, is seen to radiate 7 times as much energy as
comes from all of the galaxy's stars. Most of this is emitted in the
form of high energy cosmic ray electrons accompanied by electromagnetic
radiation ranging from radio wave frequencies on up to X ray and gamma
ray frequencies.
"A study of astronomical and geological data
reveals that cosmic ray electrons and electromagnetic radiation from a
similar outburst of our own Galactic core (Figure 1-b), impacted our
Solar System near the end of the last ice age. This cosmic ray event
spanned a period of several thousand years and climaxed around 14,200
years ago. Although far less intense than the PG 0052+251 quasar
outburst, it was, nevertheless, able to substantially affect the
Earth's climate and trigger a solar-terrestrial conflagration the
initiated the worst animal extinction episode of the Tertiary period.
"The
effects on the Sun and on the Earth's climate were not due to the
Galactic cosmic rays themselves, but to the cosmic dust that these
cosmic rays transported into the Solar System. Observations have shown
that the Solar System is presently immersed in a dense cloud of cosmic
dust, material that is normally kept at bay by the outward pressure of
the solar wind. But, with the arrival of this Galactic cosmic ray
volley, the solar wind was overpowered and large quantities of this
material were pushed inward. The Sun was enveloped in a cocoon of dust
that caused its spectrum to shift toward the infrared. In addition, the
dust grains filling the Solar System scattered radiation back to the
Earth, producing an "interplanetary hothouse effect" that substantially
increased the influx of solar radiation to the Earth. Details of this
scenario are described in Paul LaViolette's book Earth Under Fire,(1)
in his Ph.D. dissertation,(2) as well as in a series of journal
articles he has published.(38)
"LaViolette's research suggests
that the Sun also became highly active as dust and gas falling onto its
surface induced extreme flaring activity. Together with the radiation
influx from the Sun's dust cocoon, this caused the Sun's corona and
photosphere to inflate, much as is observed today in dust-choked stars
called "T Tauri stars." These various solar effects caused atmospheric
warming and inversion conditions that facilitated glacial growth which
brought on ice age conditions. On occasions when the solar radiation
influx to the Earth became particularly high, the ice age climate
warmed, initiating episodes of rapid glacial melting and continental
flooding. There is evidence that one particularly tragic solar flare
event occurred around 12,750 years ago during a period when the Sun was
particularly active. This involved the release of an immense coronal
mass ejection which engulfed the Earth and induced a mass animal
extinction.
"Dr. LaViolette, who is currently president and
chief researcher of the Starburst Foundation, was the first to
demonstrate that cosmic rays from a galactic core explosion penetrate
far outside a galaxy's nucleus to bombard solar systems like our own
residing in the spiral arm disk. He coined the word "galactic
superwave" to refer to such a cosmic barrage. He has shown that
galactic superwaves recur at long intervals and arrive at Earth's
doorstep without warning because they travel at near light speed.
"Galactic
superwaves are a recent discovery. During the early 60's astronomers
began to realize that the massive object that forms the core of our
Galaxy (the Milky Way), periodically becomes active.(9) The cores of
all spiral galaxies cycle through a similar phase. During its active
period, our galactic core spews out a fierce quasar-like barrages of
cosmic rays, with a total energy output equal to hundreds of thousands
of supernova explosions.(10, 11) In some galaxies these active
emissions have been observed to equal the energy from billions of
supernova explosions.
"Until recently, astronomers believed
these eruptions were very infrequent, occurring every 10 to 100 million
years.(10) They also believed the interstellar magnetic fields, in the
Galactic nucleus, would trap the emitted particles in spiral orbits
causing them to reach the Earth very slowly.(12) For these reasons,
many did not believe that Galactic core explosions posed any immediate
threat to the Earth.
"However, in 1983 Paul LaViolette presented evidence to the scientific community indicating that:(2 - 4)
1. Galactic core explosions actually occur about every 13,000 -
26,000 years for major outbursts and more frequently for lesser events.
2. The emitted cosmic rays escape from the core virtually
unimpeded. As they travel radially outward through the Galaxy, they
form a spherical shell that advances at a velocity approaching the
speed of light.
"Astronomical discoveries subsequently
confirmed aspects of Dr. LaViolette's hypothesis. In 1985, astronomers
discovered that Cygnus X-3, an energetic celestial source of cosmic
rays, which is about the same distance from Earth as the Galactic
Center (25,000 light years), is showering Earth with particles,
traveling at close to the speed of light, moving in essentially
straight paths.(13) Later, scientists found the Earth is impacted, at
sporadic intervals, with cosmic rays emitted from the X-ray pulsar
Hercules X-1 (about 12,000 light years distant).(14, 15) The
intervening interstellar medium has so little effect on these
particles, that their pulsation period of 1.2357 seconds, is constant
to within 300 microseconds.
"These findings are reason to be
gravely concerned about the effects of a Galactic core explosion
because they imply that the cosmic rays generated can impact our
planet, virtually without warning, preceded only by the wave-flash from
the initial explosion.(1, 2, 6) Astronomical observations show the last
major Galactic core explosion occurred as recently as 10,000 to 15,000
years ago.(16, 17) Data obtained from polar ice core samples show
evidence of this cosmic ray event as well as other cosmic ray intensity
peaks from earlier times (Figure 2).(1, 18)
"Also Dr.
LaViolette's prediction that there is a residual flow of interstellar
dust currently entering the Solar System from the Galactic center
direction was later verified by data collected from the Ulysses
spacecraft and by AMOR radar measurements made in New Zealand.(8)
For a listing of related theory predictions and their verification click here.
"Today,
tomorrow, next week, next year. . . sometime in the coming decades. . .
our planet could once again be hit by an intense volley of Galactic
cosmic rays. It will come cloaked and hidden from us, until the very
moment it strikes. We live on the edge of the Galaxy's volcano. Knowing
neither the time, the magnitude, nor the severity of the next eruption
or its impact on our environment, we stand unprepared to deal with this
event, much less anticipate its arrival.
Galactic Superwaves: Their Effects on Life and Society
"When cosmic rays from Galactic superwaves impact the Earth's
atmosphere, they produce "electron cascades." Each primary cosmic ray
generates millions of secondary high energy electrons. Many of these
particles scatter upwards and become trapped by the Earth's magnetic
field to form radiation belts similar to those created by high altitude
nuclear explosions. In just one day, a major Galactic superwave event
would inject into the geomagnetic field a particle energy equivalent to
1000 one-megaton hydrogen bomb explosions (1025 ergs). At this rate,
the energy delivered to the belts after one year would exceed 30,000
times the energy received from the most powerful solar cosmic ray
storms observed in modern times.
"Such energized radiation
belts could cause a global communications blackout by creating radio
static and by permanently damaging critical electronic components of
communication satellites. Air travel during such conditions would be
extremely hazardous. The resulting atmospheric ionization would destroy
the ozone layer, and increase skin cancer rates, due to high levels of
UV reaching the Earth's surface; the cosmic ray particles penetrating
to ground level would significantly increase cell mutation rates.
"Galactic superwaves may also produce an intense electromagnetic
pulse (EMP) whenever a cosmic ray front happens to strike the Earth's
atmosphere. Galactic superwaves such as those that arrived during the
last ice age could have generated pulses delivering tens of thousands
of volts per meter in times as short as a billionth of a second,
comparable to the early-time EMP signal from a high-altitude nuclear
explosion (see Figure 3).
"In addition, there is the danger
that a superwave could transport outlying cosmic dust into the Solar
System which could seriously affect the Earth's climate possibly
triggering a new ice age. Although there is a small probability that
the next superwave will be as catastrophic as the one at the end of the
last ice age, even the less intense, more frequent events would be
quite hazardous for the global economy.
The Frequency and Hazards of Minor Superwave Events
Galactic Center activity occurs frequently between major superwave
events. Astronomical observation indicates that during the last 6,000
years, the Galactic center has expelled 14 clouds of ionized gas.(19)
See Figure 4 for dates. These outbursts may have produced minor
superwave emissions with EMP effects comparable to those of major
superwaves. About 80% of these bursts took place within 500 hundred
years of one another (Figure 5). With the most recent outburst
occurring 700 years ago, there is a high probability of another one
occurring in the near future.
The four-second extragalactic
gamma ray burst that arrived in 1983, did have a measurable effect on
radio transmissions used for global navigation and communication.(20)
By comparison, the "minor" superwave events discussed above might have
total energies hundreds of millions of times greater than this.
At present little research is being done on this important
astronomical phenomenon. Nor are we prepared should a Galactic
superwave suddenly arrive. International channels of communication are
not in place to deal with the disasters that a superwave could bring
upon us.
Steps that Should be Taken
Currently, radio astronomers are monitoring the cosmic ray/synchrotron
radiation activity of the Galactic core on a daily basis. They report
their findings regularly in IAU (International Astronomical Union)
circulars. However, an early warning system needs to be set up so that,
in the event that signs of a significant core outburst and superwave
activity are detected, the proper organizations around the world are
notified and the proper precautions are taken. In this way, the impact
of such an event could be drastically reduced.
In regard to
the superwave EMP problem, there is a need to develop an awareness
about this phenomenon so that if it does occur, it does not
inadvertently trigger a nuclear missile launching. Also there is a need
to develop emergency plans to implement measures that will minimize its
impact on power and communications networks.
There needs to
be an increased awareness of the phenomenon and its potential threat to
the Earth so that ways might be found of minimizing the effects of a
superwave should one arrive. More scientific papers need to be
presented on research on this subject and media coverage of the subject
is needed. Astronomical and geological research needs to be conducted
to learn more about this phenomenon. For example, a more detailed
analysis needs to be made of the high concentrations of beryllium-10
and cosmic dust present in the ice age portion of the Earth's polar ice
record, remnants of the last major superwave event. Data on
interstellar dust composition that will be gathered with the Cassini
spacecraft will also be particularly useful.
Currently, the
Starburst Foundation is one of the few organizations researching this
important astronomical phenomenon. The Starburst Foundation is a
scientific research institute dedicated to discovering how Galactic
superwaves have affected our planet in the past, to implementing an
international early-warning system for future events, and to
investigating ways of lessening the adverse effects of superwaves on
our planet.
The Starburst Foundation is a 501(c)(3)
nonprofit U.S. corporation that is supported by charitable
contributions. Those interested in sending donations may make out a
check to the Starburst Foundation and send it to:
The Starburst Foundation
1176 Hedgewood Lane
Niskayuna, NY 12309
email: [email protected]
References
1) LaViolette, P. A. Earth Under Fire. Alexandria, VA: Starlane Publications, 1997.
2) LaViolette, P. A. Galactic Explosions, Cosmic Dust Invasions, and
Climatic Change. Ph.D. dissertation, Portland State University,
Portland, Oregon, August 1983.
3) LaViolette, P. A. "The
terminal Pleistocene cosmic event: Evidence for recent incursion of
nebular material into the Solar System." Eos 64 (1983): 286. American
Geophysical Union paper, Baltimore, Maryland.
4) LaViolette,
P. A. "Elevated concentrations of cosmic dust in Wisconsin stage polar
ice." Meteoritics 18 (1983): 336. Meteoritical Society paper, Mainz,
Germany.
5) LaViolette, P. A. "Evidence of high cosmic dust
concentrations in Late Pleistocene polar ice (20,000 - 14,000 Years
BP)." Meteoritics 20 (1985): 545.
6) LaViolette, P. A.
"Cosmic ray volleys from the Galactic Center and their recent impact on
the Earth environment." Earth, Moon, and Planets 37 (1987): 241.
7) LaViolette, P. A. "Galactic core explosions and the evolution of life." Anthropos 12, (1990): 239 255.
8) LaViolette, P. A. "Anticipation of the Ulysses interstellar dust findings." Eos 74(44) (1993): 510 511.
9) Oort, J. H. "The Galactic Center." Annual Reviews of Astronomy & Astrophysics 15 (1977): 295.
10) Burbridge, G. R. et al. "Evidence for the occurrence of violent
events in the nuclei of galaxies." Reviews of Modern Physics 35 (1963):
947.
11) Burbidge, G. R. et al. "Physics of compact
nonthermal sources III. Energetic considerations." Astrophysical
Journal 193 (1974): 43.
12) Ginzburg, V. L., and Syrovatskii, S. I. The Origin of Cosmic Rays. New York: Pergamon Press, 1964, p. 207.
13) Marshak, et al. "Evidence for muon production by particles from Cygnus X-3," Physical Review Letters 54 (1985): 2079.
14) Dingus, B. L. et al. "High-energy pulsed emission from Hercules
X-1 with anomalous air-shower muon production." Physical Review Letters
61 (1988): 1906.
15) Schwarzschild, B. "Are the ultra-energetic cosmic gammas really photons? Physics Today (ll) (1988): 17.
16) Brown, R. L., and Johnston, K. J. "The gas density and
distribution within 2 parsecs of the Galactic Center," Astrophysical
Journal 268 (1983): L85.
17) Lo, K. Y., and Claussen, M. J.
"High-resolution observations of ionized gas in central 3 paresecs of
the Galaxy: possible evidence for infall." Nature 306 (1983): 647.
18) Raisbeck, G. M., et al. "Evidence for two intervals of enhanced
10Be deposition in Antarctic ice during the Last Glacial Period."
Nature 326 (1987): 273.
19) Lacy, J. H., Townes, C. H.,
Geballe, T. R., and Hollenbach, D. J. "Observations of the motion and
distribution of the ionized gas in the central parsec of the Galaxy.
II," Astrophysical Journal 241 (1980): 132.
20) Fishman, G.
J. and Inan, U. S. "Observation of an ionospheric disturbance caused by
a gamma-ray burst." Nature 331 (1988):418.
Copyright www.etheric.com
Was the December 26, 2004 Indonesian Earthquake and Tsunami
Caused by a Stellar Explosion 45,000 Light Years Away? Sound Crazy?
Read Carefully Below.
http://www.etheric.com/GalacticCenter/GRB.html
Gamma Ray Bursts, Gravity Waves, and Earthquakes
On
December 26, 2004 a magnitude 9.3 earthquake occurred in the Indian
Ocean off the coast of Sumatra in Malaysia. It caused a powerful
tsunami which devastated coastal regions of many countries leaving over
240,000 people either dead or missing. It was the worst tsunami to
affect this area since the explosion of Krakatoa. The earthquake that
produced it was so strong that it exceeded by a factor of 10 the next
most powerful earthquake to occur in the past 25 years.
• Indonesian 9.3 Richter earthquake:
December 26, 2004 at 00 hours 58 minutes (Universal Time)
It
is then with some alarm that we learn that just 44.6 hours later gamma
ray telescopes orbiting the Earth picked up the arrival of the
brightest gamma ray burst ever recorded!
• Gamma ray burst arrival:
December 27, 2004 at 21 hours 36 minutes (Universal Time)
This
gamma ray blast was 100 times more intense than any burst that had been
previously recorded, equaling the brightness of the full Moon, but
radiating most of its energy at gamma ray wavelengths. Gamma ray
counts spiked to a maximum in 1.5 seconds and then declined over a 5
minute period with 7.57 second pulsations. The blast temporarily
changed the shape the Earth's ionosphere, distorting the transmission
of long-wavelength radio signals. See stories on Space.com, BBC News,
NY TImes.
It was determined that the burst originated from
the soft gamma ray repeater star, SGR 1806-20, a neutron star 20
kilometers in diameter which rotates once every 7.5 seconds, matching
the GRB pulsation period. SGR 1806-20 is located about 10 degrees
northeast of the Galactic center and about 45,000 light years from us,
or about twice as far away as the Galactic center. It released more
energy in a tenth of a second than the Sun emits in 100,000 years.
Other gamma ray bursts have been detected whose explosions were
intrinsically more powerful than this one at the source of the
explosion, but since those explosions originated in other galaxies tens
of thousands of times more distant, the bursts were not nearly as
bright when they reached our solar system. What makes the December
27th gamma ray burst unique is that it is the first time that a burst
this bright has been observed, one that also happens to originate from
within our own Galaxy.
Astronomers have theorized that
gamma ray bursts might travel in association with gravity wave bursts.
In the course of their flight through space, gamma rays would be
deflected by gravitational fields and would be scattered by dust and
cosmic ray particles they encountered, so they would be expected to
travel slightly slower than their associated gravity wave burst which
would pass through space unimpeded. After a 45,000 year light-speed
journey, a gamma ray burst arrival delay of 44.6 hours would not be
unexpected. It amounts to a delay of just one part in 9 million. So
if the gravity wave traveled at the speed of light (c), the gamma ray
burst would have averaged a speed of 0.99999989 c, just 0.11 millionths
slower. There is also the possibility that at the beginning of its
journey the gravity wave may have had a superluminal speed; see textbox
below.
The 9.3 Richter earthquake was ten times stronger than
any other earthquake during the past 25 years, and was followed just
44.6 hours later on December 27th by a very intense gamma ray burst,
which was 100 fold brighter than any other in the past 25 year history
of gamma ray observation. It seems difficult to pass off the temporal
proximity of these two Class I events as being just a matter of
coincidence. A time period of 25 years compared to a time separation
of 44.6 hours amounts to a time ratio of about 5000:1. For two such
unique events to have such a close time proximity is highly improbable
if they are not somehow related. But, as mentioned above, gravity
waves would very likely be associated with gamma ray bursts, and they
would be expected to precede them.
Many have inquired if
there might be a connection between these two events (e.g., see the
Space.com article). Not thinking of the gravity wave connection,
astronomers have been reluctant to admit there might be a connection
since they know of no mechanism by which gamma rays by themselves could
trigger earthquakes. They admit that the December 27th gamma ray burst
had slightly affected the ionization state of the Earth's atmosphere,
but this by itself should not have caused earthquakes. However, if a
longitudinal gravity potential wave pulse were to accompany a gamma ray
burst, the mystery becomes resolved. The connection between
earthquakes and gamma ray bursts now becomes plausible.
In
his 1983 Ph.D. dissertation, Paul LaViolette called attention to
terrestrial dangers of Galactic core explosions, pointing out that the
arrival of the cosmic ray superwave they produced would be signaled by
a high intensity gamma ray burst which would also generate EMP effects
(e.g., see Page 3). He also noted that a strong gravity wave might be
expected to travel forward at the forefront of this superwave and might
be the first indication of a superwave's arrival. He pointed out that
such gravity waves could induce substantial tidal forces on the Earth
during their passage which could induce earthquakes and cause polar
axis torquing effects. In his book Earth Under Fire (as well as in
his dissertation), he presents evidence showing that the superwave that
passed through the solar system around 14,200 years ago had triggered
supernova explosions as it swept through the Galaxy. Among these were
the Vela and Crab supernova explosions whose explosion dates align with
this superwave event horizon. He points out that these explosions
could be explained if a gravity wave accompanied this superwave, it
could have produced tidal forces which could have triggered unstable
stars to explode as it passed through.
He wrote at a time
when gamma ray bursts had just begun to be discovered, and when no one
was concerned with them as potential terrestrial hazards. In recent
years scientific opinion has come around to adopt LaViolette's concern,
as can be seen in news articles discussing the SGR 1806-20 gamma ray
outburst, e.g., see Space.com news story. They note that if this gamma
ray burst had been as close as 10 light years it would have completely
destroyed the ozone layer. By comparison, the Galactic superwaves
LaViolette has postulated to have been generated as a result of an
outburst of our Galaxy's core and to have impacted the Solar system
during the last ice age would have impacted the solar system with a
cosmic ray electron volley having an energy intensity 100 times greater
than this hypothetical 10 light year distant stellar gamma ray burst.
In comparision, SGR 1806-20 has been estimated to have a stellar
progenitor mass of 150 solar masses, whereas our Galactic core has a
mass of 2.6 million solar masses. In its present active phase, SGR
1806-20 is estimated to have a luminosity 40 million times that of the
Sun, whereas during its active phase the Galactic center could reach
luminosities of 400 trillion times that of the Sun. So it is
understandable that if the Galactic center were to erupt, it would
produce a gamma ray burst and a gravity wave far more intense than the
outburst from this star.
If anything, the December 27, 2004
gamma ray burst shows us that we do not live in a peaceful celestial
environment. And if the December 26th earthquake was in fact part of
this same celestial event, we see that this stellar eruption has
claimed many lives. For this reason, it is important that we prepare
for the possibility of even stronger events in the future, the arrival
of superwaves issuing from the core of our Galaxy. Like the December
26th earthquake and the December 27th gamma ray burst, the next
superwave will arrive unexpectedly. It will take us by surprise.
As
a next step, it is advisable to investigate data from gravity wave
telescopes to see if a celestial gravity wave may have arrived
immediately prior to the December 26, 2004 earthquake. Since seismic
waves from the Indonesian earthquake would have taken some time to
propagate through the Earth to these gravity wave antenna, their
signature could be distinguished from the gravity wave coming from SGR
1806-20. LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravity Wave Observatory), which
consists of two correlated telescopes, one in Washington and one in
Louisiana, each having a 4 kilometer long laser interferometer beam
path, was in the process of being made operational and unfortunately
was not collecting data at that time. The TAMA gravity wave antenna
in Japan may have been operational during the December time period
however they apparently do not answer telephone calls and have no
posted email address. So it has not been possible to contact their
scientific team.
Superwave Monitoring Center
Those
interested in monitoring earthquake, gamma ray burst, cosmic ray
background activity, and gravity wave bursts may try the following
websites:
• Current earthquakes: http://earthquake.usgs.gov/recenteqsww/Quakes/quakes_all.html
• Past earthquakes: http://earthquake.usgs.gov/activity/past.htmlpast.html
• Gamma ray bursts: http://grad40.as.utexas.edu/grblog.php?author=D.%20Gotz
• Cosmic ray radiation intensity: http://cr0.izmiran.rssi.ru/mosc/main.htm
• Gravity wave bursts (LIGO site: no posted data, just posted papers):
http://www.ligo.caltech.edu/ and http://www.ligo.org/results/
The
December 27th GRB was not accompanied by any rise in the cosmic ray
background, indicating that if it was accompanied by cosmic rays their
intensity was unable to exceed the relatively constant extragalactic
background flux arriving from distant galaxies. A Galactic superwave,
on the other hand, would most likely produce a substantial rise in
these levels.
Note that almost two months passed before the
December 27th gamma ray burst found its way into news media stories.
If unusually intense activity were to occur in the near future as the
beginning stages of a superwave arrival, it is hoped that scientists
will not keep this knowledge to themselves but rather allow the global
news media to disseminate the story quickly to inform the world.
A Superluminal Gravity Wave?
Experiments
carried out by Eugene Podkletnov show that a shock front outburst
produces a longitudinal gravitational wave that travels forward with
the burst. He has found that this gravity wave pulse has a speed in
excess of 64 times the speed of light (personal communication). Also
Guy Obolensky has produced spark discharge electric potential shock
fronts and observed them to propagate forward at speeds as high as 10
times the speed of light. Observations suggest that the gravity wave
from an expanding stellar explosion will decrease its superluminal
speed and eventually approach the speed of light as the shock front
expands. But meanwhile, the gravity wave will have obtained a
headstart over the electromagnetic wave radiation component traveling
in its wake (light waves, gamma rays, etc.). So one would expect that
the gravity wave from such an outburst (and its resultant earthquake
activity) would precede the gamma ray burst component.
Nine (9) Alternative Frames of Analysis
http://www.ecologynews.com/ecologynews103.html
NEWS ARTICLES: Neutron Star Explosion Detected December 27, 2004
Brightest Explosion Ever Recorded
NASA -- Scientists have detected a flash of light from across the
Galaxy so powerful that it bounced off the Moon and lit up the Earth's
upper atmosphere. The flash was brighter than anything ever detected
from beyond our Solar System and lasted over a tenth of a second.
NASA
and European satellites and many radio telescopes detected the flash
and its aftermath on December 27, 2004. Two science teams report about
this event at a special press event today at NASA headquarters. A
multitude of papers are planned for publication.
The scientists said
the light came from a "giant flare" on the surface of an exotic neutron
star, called a magnetar. The apparent magnitude was brighter than a
full moon and all historical star explosions. The light was brightest
in the gamma-ray energy range, far more energetic than visible light or
X-rays and invisible to our eyes.
Such a close and powerful eruption raises the question of whether an
even larger influx of gamma rays, disturbing the atmosphere, was
responsible for one of the mass extinctions known to have occurred on
Earth hundreds of millions of years ago. Also, if giant flares can be
this powerful, then some gamma-ray bursts (thought to be very distant
black-hole-forming star explosions) could actually be from neutron star
eruptions in nearby galaxies.
NASA's newly launched Swift satellite
and the NSF-funded Very Large Array (VLA) were two of many
observatories that observed the event, arising from neutron star SGR
1806-20, about 50,000 light years from Earth in the constellation
Sagittarius.
"This might be a once-in-a-lifetime event for astronomers, as well
as for the neutron star," said Dr. David Palmer of Los Alamos National
Laboratory, lead author on a paper describing the Swift observation.
"We know of only two other giant flares in the past 35 years, and this
December event was one hundred times more powerful."
Dr. Bryan
Gaensler of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in
Cambridge, Mass., is lead author on a report describing the VLA
observation, which tracked the ejected material as it flew out into
interstellar space. Other key scientific teams are associated with
radio telescopes in Australia, The Netherlands, United Kingdom, India
and the United States, as well as with NASA's High Energy Solar
Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI).
A neutron star is the core remains of a star once several times more
massive than our Sun. When such stars deplete their nuclear fuel, they
explode -- an event called a supernova. The remaining core is dense,
fast-spinning, highly magnetic, and only about 15 miles in diameter.
Millions of neutron stars fill our Milky Way galaxy.
Scientists have
discovered about a dozen ultrahigh-magnetic neutron stars, called
magnetars. The magnetic field around a magnetar is about 1,000 trillion
gauss, strong enough to strip information from a credit card at a
distance halfway to the moon. (Ordinary neutron stars measure a mere
trillion gauss; the Earth's magnetic field is about 0.5 gauss.)
Four of these magnetars are also called soft gamma repeaters, or
SGRs, because they flare up randomly and release gamma rays. Such
episodes release about 10^30 to 10^35 watts for about a second, or up
to millions of times more energy than our Sun. For a tenth of a second,
the giant flare on SGR 1806-20 unleashed energy at a rate of about
10^40 watts. The total energy produced was more than the Sun emits in
150,000 years.
"The next biggest flare ever seen from any soft gamma
repeater was peanuts compared to this incredible December 27 event,"
said Gaensler. "Had this happened within 10 light years of us, it would
have severely damaged our atmosphere. Fortunately, all the magnetars we
know of are much farther away than this."
A scientific debate raged in the 1980s over whether gamma-ray bursts
were star explosions from beyond our Galaxy or eruptions on nearby
neutron stars. By the late 1990s it became clear that gamma-ray bursts
did indeed originate very far away and that SGRs were a different
phenomenon. But the extraordinary giant flare on SGR 1806-20 reopens
the debate, according to Dr. Chryssa Kouveliotou of NASA Marshall Space
Flight Center, who took part in both the Swift and VLA analysis.
A
sizeable percentage of "short" gamma-ray bursts, less than two seconds,
could be SGR flares, she said. These would come from galaxies within
about a 100 million light years from Earth. (Long gamma-ray bursts
appear to be black-hole-forming star explosions billions of light years
away.)
"An answer to the 'short' gamma-ray burst mystery could come any day
now that Swift is in orbit", said Swift lead scientist Neil Gehrels.
"Swift saw this event after only about a month on the job."
Scientists
around the world have been following the December 27 event. RHESSI
detected gamma rays and X-rays from the flare. Drs. Kevin Hurley and
Steven Boggs of the University of California, Berkeley, are leading the
effort to analyze these data. Dr. Robert Duncan of the University of
Texas at Austin and Dr. Christopher Thompson at the Canadian Institute
for Theoretical Astrophysics (University of Toronto) are the leading
experts on magnetars, and they are investigating the "short duration"
gamma-ray burst relationship.
Brian Cameron, a graduate student at Caltech under the tutorage of
Prof. Shri Kulkarni, leads a second scientific paper based on VLA data.
Amateur astronomers detected the disturbance in the Earth's ionosphere
and relayed this information through the American Association of
Variable Star Observers.
Videos and Animations
1) Artist
conception of the December 27, 2004 gamma ray flare expanding from SGR
1806-20 and impacting Earth's atmosphere. Click here to watch video.
2)
An artist conception of the SGR 1806-20 magnetar including magnetic
field lines. After the initial flash, smaller pulsations in the data
suggest hot spots on the rotating magnetar's surface. The data also
shows no change in the magentar's rotation after the initial flash.
Click here to watch video.
3) Radio data shows a very active area
around SGR1806-20. The Very Large Array radio telescope observed
ejected material from this Magnetar as it flew out into interstellar
space. These observations in the radio wavelength start about 7 days
after the flare and continue for 20 days. They show SGR1806-20 dimming
in the radio spectrum. Click here to watch video.
4) SGR-1806 is an
ultra-magnetic neutron star, called a magnetar, located about 50,000
light years away from Earth in the constellation Sagittarius. Click
here to watch video.
5) Swift is a first-of-its-kind
multi-wavelength observatory dedicated to the study of gamma ray burst
(GRB) science. Its three instruments will work together to observe GRBs
and afterglows in the gamma ray, X-ray, ultraviolet, and optical
wavebands. Swift is designed to solve the 35-year-old mystery of the
origin of gamma-ray bursts. Scientists believe GRB are the birth cries
of black holes. Click here to watch video.
6) NASA's Swift satellite
was successfully launched Saturday, November 20, 2004 from the Cape
Canaveral Air Force Station, Fla. Click here to watch video.
Other observatories and scientific representatives include:
Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope, Netherlands -- Prof. Ralph Wijers
http://www.astron.nl/p/observing.htm
Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST), Australia -- Prof. Dick Hunstead
http://www.physics.usyd.edu.au/astrop/most/
Australia Telescope Compact Array -- Prof. Bryan Gaensler
http://www.narrabri.atnf.csiro.au/
Parkes radio telescope, Australia -- Dr. Maura McLaughlin
http://www.parkes.atnf.csiro.au/
Greenbank Radio Telescope, West Virginia -- Dr. Maura McLaughlin
http://www.gb.nrao.edu/
Very Long Baseline Array, USA -- Dr. Mike Garrett
http://www.vlba.nrao.edu/
Multi-Element Radio Linked Interferometer Network (MERLIN), UK -- Dr. Rob Fender
http://www.merlin.ac.uk/
Additional information about magentars and soft gamma ray repeaters
can be found at Dr. Robert Duncan's web site located at the University
of Texas at Austin: http://solomon.as.utexas.edu/~duncan/magnetar.html
Story from REDNOVA NEWS:
http://www.rednova.com/news/display/...
Published: 2005/02/18 13:55:00 CST
© Rednova 2004
http://www.nature.com/news/2005/050214//full/050214-18.html
News
Published online: 18 February 2005; | doi:10.1038/news050214-18
Huge explosion traced to exotic star
Jim Giles
Astronomers pinpoint source of unprecedented radiation surge.
The rotating, highly-magnetised neutron star undergoing a 'quake' at its surface. Click here to see animation.
A
cataclysmic 'starquake' is thought to have caused a flare of radiation
that ripped past the Earth on 27 December, battering instruments on
satellites and lighting up our atmosphere.
Scientists say this is
the biggest blast of gamma and X-rays they have ever observed in our
corner of the Universe. They believe the flare came from a bizarre
object just 20 kilometres wide on the other side of the Galaxy.
"This
is a once-in-a-lifetime event," says Rob Fender of Southampton
University, UK, one of the researchers studying data on the flare. "The
object released more energy in a tenth of a second than the Sun emits
in 100,000 years."
Data from satellites and ground-based telescopes
have pinpointed the origin of the burst as SGR 1806-20, a 'magnetar'
around 50,000 light-years away in the constellation of Sagittarius.
Magnetars are extremely dense, small stars with magnetic fields at
least a thousand trillion times stronger than the Earth's. They are a
type of neutron star, the compact remnant of a collapsed sun.
Astronomically speaking, this was in our backyard.
Bryan Gaensler, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
The
flare may have been caused by a quake on the surface of SGR 1806-20,
suggest researchers. The quake would have disturbed the star's magnetic
field, creating an explosion that was the brightest ever detected
beyond our Solar System.
It is possible that similar flares have
been misinterpreted in the past. Analogous gamma ray bursts have been
detected, but they were assumed to come from very distant objects
beyond our galaxy.
A satellite launched last November is ideally
positioned to resolve the issue. NASA's Swift Gamma Ray Burst Mission
is designed to locate and measure bursts. "Answers to these questions
could come any day now that Swift is in orbit," says Neil Gehrels of
NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland.
Safe distance
Fortunately
for life on Earth, the nearest known magnetar is about 13,000 light
years away - too far for any future burst to damage the planet. The
radiation burst from a closer explosion could, for example, wipe out
the ozone layer.
"Astronomically speaking, this was in our
backyard," says Bryan Gaensler of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for
Astrophysics in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and an author of a paper
about the burst that has been accepted for publication in Nature. "If
it were in our living room, we'd be in big trouble."
http://www.spacedaily.com/news/gamma-05b.html
Blast Affected Earth From Halfway Across The Milky Way
Cambridge MA (SPX) Feb 21, 2005
Forget "Independence Day" or "War
of the Worlds." A monstrous cosmic explosion last December showed that
the earth is in more danger from real-life space threats than from
hypothetical alien invasions.
The gamma-ray flare, which briefly
outshone the full moon, occurred within the Milky Way galaxy. Even at a
distance of 50,000 light-years, the flare disrupted the earth's
ionosphere. If such a blast happened within 10 light-years of the
earth, it would destroy the much of the ozone layer, causing
extinctions due to increased radiation.
"Astronomically speaking,
this explosion happened in our backyard. If it were in our living room,
we'd be in big trouble!" Said Bryan Gaensler (Harvard-Smithsonian
Center for Astrophysics), lead author on a paper describing radio
observations of the event.
Gaensler headed one of two teams
reporting on this eruption at a special press event today at NASA
headquarters. A multitude of papers are planned for publication.
The
giant flare detected on December 27, 2004, came from an isolated,
exotic neutron star within the Milky Way. The flare was more powerful
than any blast previously seen in our galaxy.
"This might be a
once-in-a-lifetime event for astronomers, as well as for a neutron
star," said David Palmer of Los Alamos National Laboratory, lead author
on a paper describing space-based observations of the burst.
"We know of only two other giant flares in the past 35 years, and this December event was one hundred times more powerful."
NASA's
newly launched Swift satellite and the NSF-funded Very Large Array
(VLA) were two of many observatories that observed the event, arising
from neutron star SGR 1806-20, about 50,000 light years from Earth in
the constellation Sagittarius.
Neutron stars form from collapsed
stars. They are dense, fast-spinning, highly magnetic, and only about
15 miles in diameter. SGR 1806-20 is a unique neutron star called a
magnetar, with an ultra-strong magnetic field capable of stripping
information from a credit card at a distance halfway to the Moon. Only
about 10 magnetars are known among the many neutrons stars in the Milky
Way.
"Fortunately, there are no magnetars anywhere near the earth.
An explosion like this within a few trillion miles could really ruin
our day," said graduate student Yosi Gelfand (CfA), a co-author on one
of the papers.
The magnetar's powerful magnetic field generated the
gamma-ray flare in a violent process known as magnetic reconnection,
which releases huge amounts of energy. The same process on a much
smaller scale creates solar flares.
"This eruption was a super-super-super solar flare in terms of energy released," said Gaensler.
Using
the VLA and three other radio telescopes, Gaensler and his team
detected material ejected by the blast at a velocity three-tenths the
speed of light. The extreme speed, combined with the close-up view,
yielded changes in a matter of days.
Spotting such a nearby
gamma-ray flare offered scientists an incredible advantage, allowing
them to study it in more detail than ever before. "We can see the
structure of the flare's aftermath, and we can watch it change from day
to day. That combination is completely unprecedented," said Gaensler.
Headquartered
in Cambridge, Mass., the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
(CfA) is a joint collaboration between the Smithsonian Astrophysical
Observatory and the Harvard College Observatory. CfA scientists,
organized into six research divisions, study the origin, evolution and
ultimate fate of the universe.
http://www.newscientist.com/
Distant explosion breaks brightness records
• 19:00 18 February 2005
• NewScientist.com news service
• Maggie McKee
Several
dozen satellites around Earth, and one orbiting Mars, detected a flash
of high-energy photons - known as gamma rays - on 27 December 2004. The
0.25-second flash was so bright it overwhelmed the detectors on many
satellites - making an energy measurement impossible - and disrupted
some radio communication on Earth.
"It was so bright, it came right
through the body of the Swift satellite, even though Swift wasn't
pointed at the object," says John Nousek, mission director for NASA's
Swift spacecraft - launched especially to detect gamma-ray bursts
(GRBs) - at Pennsylvania State University, US.
The brief flash was
followed by a fainter afterglow of gamma rays lasting for about 500
seconds, which showed a recurring signal every 7.5 seconds. That signal
led scientists using Europe's INTEGRAL spacecraft to trace the source
of the "superflare" to a dead star - called a neutron star - known to
spin at that rate. Measurements of the distance to the star - called
SGR 1806-20, range from 30,000 to 50,000 light years from Earth.
That
relatively small distance, coupled with an accurate energy measurement
by NASA's RHESSI satellite, means the explosion was not as powerful -
at source - as more distant bursts linked with black holes.
Nevertheless, it "may have sterilised any planets within a few light
years of it", says Rob Fender, an astronomer at Southampton University,
UK, who is studying the lingering radio emission from the flare. "This
may be a once-in-a-lifetime event both for astronomers and for the
neutron star itself."
Clean credit card
But Christopher Thompson,
an astrophysicist at the Canadian Institute for Theoretical Physics,
says that may not be so. The neutron star in question is rare magnetar,
with a magnetic field so strong it could wipe a credit card clean from
a distance of 160,000 kilometres. And this magnetar is even rarer yet,
one of three "soft gamma repeaters" (SGRs) in the Milky Way.
SGRs
tend to release low-energy flares of gamma rays sporadically, but more
energetic bursts have been observed twice before - in 1998 and 1979.
But the energy in the initial 0.25-second burst from the most recent
flare was 100 times that of the two previous superflares.
But
Thompson, who worked on the most accepted magnetar model, says: "I
wasn't shocked at the energy it was putting out. The total energy
implied by the models is enough to power a dozen or more of these
events in the life of one magnetar."
Superflares may occur when
tightly wrapped magnetic fields inside the magnetar start to "untwist".
This briefly rips loose some magnetic fields outside the star,
releasing a "fireball" of particles, and light that astronomers see as
a bright flash of gamma rays.
Extreme distances
If this flare had
been even farther away - up to 100 million light years or so - it would
have looked "indistinguishable" from a short GRB - a cosmic phenomenon
that has baffled astronomers for years. Short GRBs are blasts of
high-energy gamma rays that last less than two seconds. Astronomers are
unsure of their cause but think they have a different origin than
"long" GRBs - lasting for several seconds or minutes - which are
thought to be created during the birth of black holes.
This latest
observation leads David Palmer, a Swift team member at Los Alamos
National Laboratory in New Mexico, US, to say: "I'm fairly confident
that soft gamma repeaters account for at least some short gamma-ray
bursts."
Neil Gehrels, principal investigator for Swift at NASA,
says Swift should be able to help settle the debate about short GRBs.
Swift will study both SGRs and short GRBs, having the capability to
quickly respond to short GRBs in order to locate them in space.
But he laments: "It's very unlikely we're going to see another one of these supergiant flares."
Related Articles
• Massive exploding stars create rare magnetars
• http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns...
• 05 February 2005
• Swift mission sees its first gamma ray bursts
• http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns...
• 07 January 2005
• Superbright gamma ray burst may be closest ever
• http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns...
• 04 April 2003
Weblinks
• Swift, NASA
• http://swift.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/swift/swiftsc.html
• INTEGRAL, ESA
• http://astro.estec.esa.nl/SA-general/Projects/Integral/integral.html
• RHESSI, NASA
• http://hesperia.gsfc.nasa.gov/hessi/
http://www.able2know.com/forums/about45952.html
AFP
Monster star burst was brighter than full Moon: astronomers
Fri Feb 18, 2005 2:40 pm
PARIS
(AFP) - Stunned astronomers described the greatest cosmic explosion
ever monitored -- a star burst from the other side of the galaxy that
was briefly brighter than the full Moon and swamped satellites and
telescopes.
The high-radiation flash, detected last December 27, caused no harm to Earth but would have literally fried the planet had it occurred within a few light years of home.
Normally reserved skywatchers struggled for superlatives.
"This is a once-in-a-lifetime event," said Rob Fender of Britain's Southampton University.
"We have observed an object only 20 kilometers (12 miles) across, on the other side of our galaxy, releasing more energy in a 10th of a second than the Sun emits in 100,000 years."
"It was the mother of all magnetic flares -- a true monster," said Kevin Hurley, a research physicist at the University of California at Berkeley.
Bryan Gaensler of the United States' Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, described the burst as "maybe a once per century or once per millennium event in our galaxy.
"Astronomically speaking, this explosion happened in our backyard. If it were in our living room, we'd be in big trouble."
The blast was caused by an eruption on the surface of a known, exotic kind of neutron star called SGR 1806-20, located about 50,000 light years from Earth in the constellation of Sagittarius and about three billion times farther from us than the Sun.
A neutron star is the remnant of a very large star near the end of its life -- a tiny, extraordinarily dense core with a powerful magnetic field, spinning swiftly on its axis.
When these ancient star cores finally run out of fuel, they collapse in on themselves and explode as a supernova.
There are millions of neutron stars in the Milky Way but, so far, only a dozen have been found to be "magnetars": neutron stars with an ultra-powerful magnetic field.
Magnetars have have a magnetic field measuring about 1,000 trillion gauss, hundreds of times more powerful than that of any other object in the Universe.
To give an idea of this in earthly terms, the field is so powerful that it could strip the data off a credit card at a distance of 200,000 kilometers (120,000 miles).
SGR 1806-20 is an even rarer bird. It is one of only four known "soft gamma repeater" (SGR) magnetars, so called because they flare up randomly and release gamma rays in a mammoth burst.
Why this happens is unknown. One theory is that the energy release comes from magnetic fields which wrestle and overlap because of the star's spin and then snap back and reconnect, creating a "starquake" rather like the competing faults that cause an earthquake.
What is sure, though, is that the outpouring of energy is massive.
The SGR 1806-20 spewed out about 10,000 trillion trillion watts, or about 100 times brighter than any of the several "giant flares" that have been previously recorded.
Despite this energy loss, the strange star did not even pause, Britain's Royal Astronomical Society (RAS) said.
"SGR 1806-20 spins once in only 7.5 seconds. Amazingly, the December 27 event did not cause any slowing of its spin rate, as would be expected," the RAS said.
The flare, detected by satellites and telescopes operated by NASA (news - web sites) and Europe, was so powerful that it bounced off the Moon and lit up the Earth's upper atmosphere. For over a tenth of the second, it was actually brighter than a full Moon, and briefly overwhelmed delicate sensors, RAS said.
Two science teams, formed by observations provided by 20 institutes around the world, will report on the blast in a forthcoming issue of the British weekly journal Nature.
Many questions will be thrown up by the event, including the intriguing speculation that the dinosaurs may have been wiped out by a similar, closer gamma-ray explosion 65 million years ago, and not by climate change inflicted by an asteroid impact.
"Had this happened within 10 light years of us, it would have severly damaged our atmosphere and possibly have triggered a mass extinction," said lead-author Gaensler.
The good news, he noted, is that the nearest known magnetar to Earth, 1E 2259+586, is about 13,000 light years away.
http://mcdonaldobservatory.org/news/releases/2005/0218.html
18 February 2005
Magnetar flare blitzed Earth Dec. 27, could solve cosmic mysteries
This
information is co-released with The University of California, Berkeley,
and co-incides with a NASA Space Science Update (right).
Austin, Texas — Astronomers around the world recorded late last year
a powerful explosion of high-energy X-rays and gamma rays — a
split-second flash from the other side of our galaxy that was strong
enough to affect the Earth's atmosphere. The flash, called a soft gamma
repeater flare, reached Earth on Dec. 27 and was detected by at least
15 satellites and spacecraft between Earth and Saturn, swamping most of
their detectors.
Thought to be a mighty cataclysm in a super-dense,
highly magnetized star called a magnetar, it emitted as much energy in
two-tenths of a second as the sun gives off in 250,000 years. Robert C.
Duncan of the University of Texas at Austin originally proposed and
developed the magnetar theory, along with Christopher Thompson of the
Canadian Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics.
"This is a key event
for understanding magnetars," Duncan said. Its intrinsic power was a
thousand times greater than the power of all other stars in the galaxy
put together, and at least 100 times the power of any previous magnetar
outburst in our galaxy. It was ten thousand times brighter than the
brightest supernova.
Duncan and Thompson worked with Kevin Hurley, a
research physicist at UC Berkeley who leads a major international team
studying the event, to understand the immense power of the Dec. 27
flare. "It was the mother of all magnetic flares - a true monster,"
Hurley said.
The team's observations and analysis are summarized in a paper that has been submitted for publication in the journal Nature.
"Soft
gamma repeater" bursts — pinpoint flashes of highly energetic X-rays
and low-energy (soft) gamma rays coming repeatedly from one place in
the sky — were first noticed in 1979 and remained a mystery until
Duncan and Thompson proposed in 1992 that they originate from
magnetically powered neutron stars, or magnetars. Formed by the
collapsing core of a star throwing off its outer layers in a supernova
explosion, neutron stars are extremely dense, with more mass than in
the Sun packed into a ball about 10 miles across. Many neutron stars
spin rapidly. These spinning neutron stars, some rotating a thousand
times a second, signal their presence by the emission of pulsed radio
waves, and are called pulsars.
According to Duncan, magnetars are a
special kind of neutron star. They are born rotating very quickly,
which causes their magnetic fields to get amplified. But after a few
thousand years, their intense magnetic field slows their spin to a more
moderate period of one rotation every few seconds. The magnetic fields
both inside and outside the star twist, however, and according to the
theory these intense fields can stress and move the crust much like
shearing along the San Andreas Fault. These magnetic fields are a
quadrillion — a million billion — times stronger than the field that
deflects compass needles at the Earth's surface.
The shear moves the
crust around and the magnetic fields are tied to the crust, generating
twists in the magnetic field that can sometimes break and reconnect in
a process that sends trapped positrons and electrons flying out from
the star, annihilating each other in a gigantic explosion of hard gamma
rays.
The flare observed Dec. 27 originated about 50,000 light years
away in the constellation Sagittarius, which means that the magnetar
sits directly opposite the center of our galaxy from the Earth in the
disk of the Milky Way Galaxy.
As the radiation stormed through our
solar system, it blitzed at least 15 spacecraft, knocking their
instruments off-scale whether or not they were pointing in the
magnetar's direction. One Russian satellite, Coronas-F, detected gamma
rays that had bounced off the Moon.
The flare also ripped atoms
apart, ionizing them, in much of the Earth's ionosphere for five
minutes, to a deeper level than even the biggest solar flares do, an
effect noticed via its effect on long-wavelength radio communications.
Such events are unlikely to pose a danger to the Earth because the
chances that one would be close enough to the Earth to cause serious
disruption are exceedingly small.
Hurley and his team combined
information from many spacecraft, including neutron and gamma-ray
detectors aboard Mars Odyssey and many near-Earth satellites, in order
to localize it to a spot well-known to astronomers: a magnetar known as
SGR 1806-20. This position was accurately confirmed by radio
astronomers at the Very Large Array in Socorro, N.M., who studied the
fading radio afterglow of the event and obtained important information
about the explosion.
The tremendous power of the event has suggested
a novel solution to a long-standing mystery — the origins of a strange
phenomenon known as "Short-Duration Gamma Ray Bursts." Hundreds of
brief, mysterious flashes of high-energy radiation from deepest space,
lasting less than two seconds, have been measured and recorded over
decades, but nobody knew what they were.
The similarity between the
Dec. 27 burst and these short-duration bursts lies in the brief spike
of hard gamma rays that arrives first and carries almost all the
energy. In the recent burst, for example, the hard spike lasted only
two-tenths of a second. This was followed by a "tail" of X-rays that
lasted over six minutes. As the tail faded, its brightness oscillated
on a 7.56 second cycle, the known rotation period of the magnetar.
According
to Duncan and Thompson's theory, the oscillating X-ray tail that
followed was due to a residue of electrons, positrons and gamma-rays
trapped in the magnetar's magnetic field. Such a hot "trapped fireball"
shrinks and evaporates over minutes, as electrons and positrons
annihilate. The measurements of Hurley's team corroborate this picture.
The tail's brightness appears to oscillate because the fireball is
stuck to the surface of the rotating star by the magnetic field, so it
rotates with the star like a lighthouse beacon.
Duncan and his team
argue that the hard initial spike of these giant flares is so bright
that it can be detected from very far away, meaning that some of the
short flares we see are from other galaxies, though the soft X-ray
tails are too faint to be seen.
Duncan and his collaborators predict
that if a magnetar flares as brightly as the December 27 event within
100 million light-years of Earth, astronomers should be able to detect
it. Texas astronomers John Scalo and Sheila Kannappan helped Duncan
estimate the rate at which such distant flares might be seen. They
estimated that of order 40% of the short bursts previously observed
could have been such magnetar bursts. There is a good probability that
the newly-launched Swift satellite will see a magnetar burst once a
month.
Launched in November 2004 and gathering data only since
January, Swift is designed to automatically turn its X-ray telescope
toward a burst in order to accurately pin down its position.
Duncan's
team estimates that Swift will spot an abundance of magnetars lurking
in other galaxies. In some cases, Swift's X-ray telescope may even
catch the oscillating tail and measure the rotation period of the
faraway star.
"Swift will open up a new field of astronomy: the study of extragalactic magnetars," Duncan said.
Co-authors
with Hurley, Boggs, Duncan and Thompson were D. M. Smith of the UC
Santa Cruz physics department, RHESSI and Wind principal investigator
and Space Sciences Laboratory Director Robert Lin, and teams of U.S.,
Swiss, Russian, and German scientists.
— END —
Notes to editors: Robert Duncan and Kevin Hurley will be at NASA
Headquarters in Washington, D.C., on Friday, Feb. 18, to attend a NASA
Science Update about the Dec. 27 giant flare and observations by the
recently launched Swift satellite. Duncan's cell phone number is (512)
587-0043. Hurley's cell phone number is (510) 366-4463.
Duncan
normally can be reached at (512) 471-7426 or at
[email protected]. Hurley can be reached at his office, (510)
643-9173, or via e-mail at [email protected]. Steven Boggs is
at (510) 643-4129 or [email protected].
Robert Sanders, science press officer for UC Berkeley, can be reached at (510) 643-6998 or [email protected].
http://www.12thharmonic.com/astroturf/index.php
Huge 'star-quake' rocks Milky Way
It turns out that
the 26th and 27th of December were not only turbulent for our planet,
but turbulent for our galaxy too. The explosion took place in the
constellation of Sagittarius. I'm very grateful to fixed star expert
Diana K Rosenberg for calculating the position and time of the
explosion, which in astrological tropical zodiac terms occurred at
01CAP28; LAT 3N 25 53; DECL 19S20; RA 18 06 18. It occurred Dec 27,
2004, at 21:30:26 UT.
BBC - Astronomers say they have been stunned by the amount of energy
released in a star explosion on the far side of our galaxy, 50,000
light-years away
The flash of radiation on 27 December was so powerful that it bounced off the Moon and lit up the Earth's atmosphere.
The blast occurred on the surface of an exotic kind of star - a super-magnetic neutron star called SGR 1806-20.
If the explosion had been within just 10 light-years, Earth could have suffered a mass extinction, it is said.
"We
figure that it's probably the biggest explosion observed by humans
within our galaxy since Johannes Kepler saw his supernova in 1604," Dr
Rob Fender, of Southampton University, UK, told the BBC News website.
One calculation has the giant flare on SGR 1806-20 unleashing about 10,000 trillion trillion trillion watts.
"This
is a once-in-a-lifetime event. We have observed an object only 20km
across, on the other side of our galaxy, releasing more energy in a
10th of a second than the Sun emits in 100,000 years," said Dr Fender.
VLA Probes Secrets of Mysterious Magnetar
A giant flash of energy from a supermagnetic neutron star thousands
of light-years from Earth may shed a whole new light on scientists'
understanding of such mysterious "magnetars" and of gamma-ray bursts.
In the nearly two months since the blast, the National Science
Foundation's Very Large Array (VLA) telescope has produced a wealth of
surprising information about the event, and "the show goes on," with
continuing observations.
The blast from an object named SGR 1806-20
came on Dec. 27, 2004, and was first detected by orbiting gamma-ray and
X-ray telescopes. It was the brightest outburst ever seen coming from
an object beyond our own solar system, and its energy overpowered most
orbiting telescopes. The burst of gamma rays and X-rays even disturbed
the Earth's ionosphere, causing a sudden disruption in some radio
communications.
While the intensely bright gamma ray burst faded in
a matter of minutes, the VLA and other radio telescopes have been
tracking the explosion's "afterglow" for weeks, providing most of the
data astronomers need to figure out the physics of the blast.
A
magnetar is a superdense neutron star with a magnetic field thousands
of trillions of times more intense than that of the Earth. Scientists
believe that SGR 1806-20's giant burst of energy was somehow triggered
by a "starquake" in the neutron star's crust that caused a catastrophic
disruption in the magnetar's magnetic field. The magnetic disruption
generated the huge burst of gamma rays and "boiled off" particles from
the star's surface into a rapidly expanding fireball that continues to
emit radio waves for weeks or months.
The VLA first observed SGR
1806-20 on Jan. 3, and has been joined by other radio telescopes in
Australia, the Netherlands, and India. Scientific papers prepared for
publication based on the first month's radio observations report a
number of key discoveries about the object. Scientists using the VLA
have found:
• The fireball of radio-emitting material is expanding at roughly one-third the speed of light.
• The expanding fireball is elongated, and may change its shape quickly.
• Alignment of the radio waves (polarization) confirms that the fireball is not spherical.
•
The flare emitted an amount of energy that represents a significant
fraction of the total energy stored in the magnetar's magnetic field.
Of
the dozen or so magnetars known to astronomers, only one other has been
seen to experience a giant outburst. In 1998, SGR 1900+14 put out a
blast similar in many respects to SGR 1806-20's, but much weaker.
National
Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) astronomer Dale Frail observed the
1998 outburst and has been watching SGR 1806-20 for a decade. Both
magnetars are part of the small group of objects called soft gamma-ray
repeaters, because they repeatedly experience much weaker outbursts of
gamma rays. In early January, he was hosting a visiting college student
while processing the first VLA data from SGR 1806-20's giant outburst.
"I
literally could not believe what I was looking at," Frail said.
"Immediately I could see that this flare was 100 times stronger than
the 1998 flare, and 10,000 times brighter than anything this object had
done before."
"I couldn't stay in my chair, and this student got to
see a real, live astronomer acting like an excited little kid," Frail
said.
The excitement isn't over, either. "The show goes on and we
continue to observe this thing and continue to get surprises," said
Greg Taylor, an astronomer for NRAO and the Kavli Institute of Particle
Astrophysics and Cosmology in Stanford, Calif..
One VLA measurement
may cause difficulties for scientists trying to fit SGR 1806-20 into a
larger picture of gamma ray bursts (GRBs). GRBs, seen regularly from
throughout the universe, come in two main types--very short bursts and
longer ones. The longer ones are generally believed to result when a
massive star collapses into a black hole, rather than into a neutron
star as in a supernova explosion. The strength and short duration of
SGR 1806-20's December outburst has led some astronomers to speculate
that a similar event could be seen out to a considerable distance from
Earth. That means, they say, that magnetars may be the source of the
short-period GRBs.
That interpretation is based to some extent on a
previous measurement that indicates SGR 1806-20 is nearly 50,000
light-years from Earth. One team of observers, however, analyzed the
radio emission from SGR 1806-20 and found evidence that the magnetar is
only about 30,000 light-years distant. The difference, they say,
reduces the likelihood that SGR 1806-20 could be a parallel for
short-period GRBs.
In any case, the wealth of information astronomers have gathered
about the tremendous December blast makes it an extremely important
event for understanding magnetars and GRBs.
Source: The National Science Foundation
http://www.whatdoesitmean.com/index658.htm
January 10, 2005
Continuing Earth Changes Cripple American Submarine and Pose New Dangers for the American Continents
By: Sorcha Faal, and as reported to her Russian Subscribers
Continued
energy surges, and as yet still unexplained by Western scientists,
continue to bombard the earth’s Southern Hemispheric Regions this
morning causing many widespread and anomalous events throughout the
world and affecting all of its peoples.
Western media sources
are presently reporting the dire circumstances surrounding the United
States Los Angeles Class Nuclear Submarine San Francisco and the latest
reports are saying that one crewman has died and ‘23 other crew
members are being treated aboard for injuries including broken bones,
bruises and lacerations’.
The BBC also reports in this article
that, “The US Navy said it did not know what the vessel had struck and
was investigating severe damage to the outside of the submarine.”
Not
being reported by the Western media though is that the USS San
Francisco (SSN 711) is part of the United States Navy’s Pacific Fleet,
and a part of what is known as Submarine Squadron Fifteen based out of
the US Territory of Guam, located in the Mariana Islands Region of the
Pacific Ocean.
The significance of this lies in the eruption on
Anatahan Island, a part of the Mariana Islands and in the ‘patrol zone’
of the USS San Francisco.
As related to us by one Russian Naval
Official, “Imagine you walking around your house at night with the
lights off and someone had re-arranged the furniture, make no mistake
about it, the American submariners ‘know’ their courses too well and
are too highly trained for this to happen suddenly. Some extreme
geologic ‘change’ had to have happened for this accident to occur.”
Could this ‘extreme geologic change’ have been this eruption?
As
reported in the Western media regarding this event we hear, “The
volcano's activity intensified beginning Tuesday and Wednesday last
week after months of extremely low seismic activities, which followed
the second batch of eruptions from April to June last year. The volcano
on Anatahan first erupted after centuries of dormancy on May 10, 2003,
with ash plume rising to more than 30,000 feet.”
We are also
continuing to receive reports of meteor fireballs entering the earth’s
atmosphere. Yesterday another such sighting was reported as occurring
in the United States region of Alaska, and where it is said, “It
streaked quickly from the west to the east in a steep downward arc, and
soon wasn't visible behind the mountains.”
More information also
continues to be received by us also relating to my December 28, 2004
report, Evidence for Sumatra 9.0 Quake Leans towards Meteorite Strike.
In
one research report by the United States National Geophysical Data
Center (NGDC) it clearly states, and in apparent contradiction to the
known facts about The Great Tsunami of 2004, that, “In the Indian
Ocean, however, the Indo-Australian plate is being subducted beneath
the Eurasian plate at its east margin. Therefore, most tsunamis
generated in this area are propagated toward the southwest shores of
Java and Sumatra, rather than into the Indian Ocean.”
As recent
events have occurred however we know this not to be the case due to the
fact that the waves propagated out from a ‘center’ to all areas of the
Indian Ocean, to even the African Coast and beyond.
Numerous,
yet conflicting, Western media reports also continue to be generated
about this cataclysmic event with no regard to science fact but rather
relying on speculation alone.
Reports are varying to many
extremes of sea floor horizontal and/or vertical movement, such as one
report that states, “slippage occurred along about 1,200 km of the
interface between the tectonic plates”, and another that states that it
was, “…a 600-mile-long (965km) rupture that generated a 35ft vertical
displacement in the sea floor.”
But the differences in how
many kilometers of vertical displacement did or did not occur, or how
high or low various parts of the sea floor rose or fell are not as
important as to how fast these assertions of fact were being spread by
the Western media sources.
They in fact began within hours of
the cataclysm occurring, with no scientific research being conducted
and in contradiction to what the United States National Geophysical
Data Center had reported and Prof Ravinder Kumar of the Centre of
Advance Studies in Geology, Punjab University who has said, “There is
no historic record of a tsunami in the Indian Ocean.”
This
information alone does not constitute proof of a meteorite strike being
the cause of this cataclysmic, but neither do the pronouncements by the
Western media stating the cause as being an earthquake event. The
behavior of the waves in the Indian Ocean though do suggest a meteorite
due to their concentric nature of flowing throughout the oceans basin,
where if these were caused by an earthquake would have been omni or bi
directed only as scientists have previously predicted, and particularly
in a region where no historical reports of a tsunami had ever been
recorded.
Not being connected in the Western Media about this
event either was its precursor which occurred in the Macquarie Island
region of Antarctica and was measured as an 8.2 event on the Richter
scale. (An 8.2 Richter event is equal to 3 billion tons of TNT and the
9.0 event in the Indian Ocean was equal to 32 billion tons.) But
released almost simultaneously with the Antarctica 8.2 event was a
report from the United States space organization NASA's Near Earth
Object Program in an ‘Asteroid Alert’ which in part said, “For
comparison, the Barringer Meteor Crater in northern Arizona is thought
to have been created by an iron meteorite between 30 and 100 meters in
diameter. Its impact would have released energy equivalent to about 3.5
million tons of TNT.”
More interesting in the light of these
recent events are that these two events have more in common than their
historically rare power in that both the Antarctica event and the
Indian Ocean event are connected by their sameness in both geological
and magnetic anomalous features, and as previously mapped by
scientists.
One such other area on the earth is known as the Cayman Trough and is located in the Northwest Caribbean Sea.
A
number of the world’s top scientists in their fields have reported on
this region in a report that in part says, “We review the plate
tectonic evolution of the Caribbean area based on a revised model for
the opening of the central North Atlantic and the South Atlantic, as
well based on an updated model of the motion of the Americas relative
to the Atlantic-Indian hotspot reference frame. We focus on post-83 Ma
reconstructions, for which we have combined a set of new magnetic
anomaly data in the central North Atlantic between the Kane and
Atlantis fracture zones with existing magnetic anomaly data in the
central North and South Atlantic oceans and fracture zone
identifications from a dense gravity grid from satellite altimetry to
compute North America-South America plate motions and their
uncertainties.”
As we are all aware, the largest magnetic
anomalous area in the world is located in Russia and is named the Kursk
Satellite Magnetic Anomaly (KMA), and in the memory of our fallen
heroes from the great Russian Submarine Kursk of the same naming.
© January 10, 2005, EU and US all rights reserved.
(Note:
There is no easy way to describe to foreign speaking peoples the style
of writing one encounters when reading Russian writers like Sorcha
Faal, who are steeped in Russian shamanistic thought and in the lives
they live. A report like this particular one can best be analogized as
‘circle of thought’ writing in that the beginning should equal the end.
In this report for example it begins with an American Submarine
disaster and ends with a Russian one. The meanings that can be derived
are for individual thought and are not meant to be ‘scientific’, as it
is defined in Western nations. Russian shamanistic thinking
encompasses the ‘whole’ of all things and can be likened to seeing and
attempting to understand the ‘connections’ between all things. The
same ‘known’ facts of information are used like Westerners do, but then
are ‘added’ with the ‘unknown’ so that in knowing the greater ‘whole’
of ‘thing’ warnings can be given to help prepare the entire tribe.)
did you know 'gullible' isn't in the dictionary?
Posted by: anon | 10 October 2005 at 05:49
Hi Alfred,
Thank you for such a great program to-day, we needed this info on the coming galactic wave - March 2006. We have checked out your web-site and found the Paula Peterson connection - again, thank you. We were listening to-day expecting the "coming financial crunch" as announced a couple of weeks ago. What is the exact date of this program? And here is a question for your up-coming guest: Exactly where would he put his own money to keep it safe, i.e. gold reserves, treasury bills (of what country), THE BIG QUESTION.
So much love and gratitude.
Carolynne and Peter Hartmann
Blaine, WA
Posted by: Peter Hartmann | 27 June 2005 at 23:48
Excellent site.
Posted by: John L. Benson, Ph.D. | 23 May 2005 at 18:12
I'm very much a laymen, and quite frankly am happy with that. As one I tend to distrust everything and look at the underlying facts.
I've seen that you like to quote the End of the Mayan as something significant in your theroies.
Which I would like to point out is blanant misinformation. The end of the Mayan calander signified a birth of some kind, not a destruction. In no historcal Mayan text that's been validated is there any reference to it being anything but cellestial allignment that the Mayan's belived heralded a birht of some kind.
I've researched the Mayan and Aztec calanders. They are very accurate being based on astronomicals configurations, accounting for the rotation of the earth with an accuracy almost akin to what we know today of 365.242036 days in a solar year.
Their version of leap days were added in every 20th year, and every 20 of 20th years. It was a mathmatically brilliant calandar. 20 days in a month, 18 Months in a year, and 5 spare days at the Winter Solstice (the rebirth ceromony, also considered the 19th unlucky month), every 20th year this ceromony was 10 days to add the missing 5 leap days, expect for every 5th 20th year in which they only added 4 leap days, unless it was the 20th 20 year in which case it was still 5 leap days added.
A 20 day month was subdivided into 4, 5 day weeks. (Anyone seeing the mathmatical simplisity and patteren's of it yet? (4, 5, 20, 1
There is even more to it but this is enough to match it the 365.2425 gregorian value.
The adoption of the 5 day unlucky month occured around the 4th century B.C. as did the adding 5 days each 20th year cycle (etc..)
One Sorce: http://webexhibits.org/calendars/calendar-mayan.html
There are many other sources on this calandar.
The main point is that when the calandar end's was a considered a time of birth. It occurs at the point where the sun durring summer solstice (southern) appears in the dark spot (dust lane) of the milky way (they called it the great birth canal).
They had -no- idea what this event meant, other then it was considered a time when something was supposed to be born.
It definately did NOT mean the end of the world like every doomsayer claims. I think it's getting old how people try to misinform and (yes i'll say it) -lie- about the meaning of the end of the mayan calander.
Might I suggest in the future that scientists that want to very from substatiated theroies, should atleast -try- and get thier facts strait.
It's not hard for even a simple person to check facts underlying contraversial writing like this.
Posted by: layman | 09 May 2005 at 23:04
The Asian Tsunami was man made. There is absolutely no doubt.
Posted by: aaron | 30 April 2005 at 05:50
Very interesting material on the impact of on the earth superwaves from the centre of the Galaxy
Posted by: Carolina | 01 April 2005 at 02:34
What I believe it's important to find out the precise position of the magnetar that caused such a havoc recently. According to Paul A. LaViolette's theory, should the Galactic Superwave be the genuine cause of the recent gamma erruption, ths precise position of the magnetar would enable us to calculate the DATE of its passage through our Solar System... to the accuracy lineary corresponding to the one of calculations of the magnetar's position. Now, some scientists give approximation of 50 000 lyrs, and some others 45 000 lyrs, like they did not KNOW how important this information is. Were the magnitar be situated on a radius from the Galactic Core similar to ours... the consequences for us are instant - WE ARE ABLE TO CALCULATE THE DATE OF THE SUPERWAVE'S ARRIVAL HERE. LET'S THEN DO IT!... someone knowlegable please...!
Posted by: Stan | 29 March 2005 at 13:16
While it's obvious that Exopolitics should have the big green light to go, there should be done something immediately to start organising underground hidings for those concerned. In case of the sudden comming of the Superwave, our organisation is ready to join minds and hands in common effort to mastermind a general escape plan for as many as possible. It's connected, of course, with a far fetched thinking of delocking our DNA, enabling us to live long enough to actually make sense of our underground life for, say, a century of night and disaster on our planet's surface...
why not organising a World's Forum on that... regardless of how politically incorrect it may sound or appear, but... it's our civilisation at stake here!
Posted by: POLONEUM | 29 March 2005 at 12:13
ALIENSHIFT Rules of Ethics in Contact:
Alienshifter is the one who takes the Oath in order to uphold and defend Humanity and their Rights in any contact with Alien or Extraterrestrial beings in addition to represent the Earth in contact and communication with Star Visitors from all other Planets or in the Council of the Worlds and Federation of Planets.
1-What distinguishes the Alienshifter from others is the Sense of Responsibility for the Future of Mankind especially in regards to the Alien Contact which is due any moment with mass UFO landing.
.
2-Alienshifter has many qualities, he or she lives on total Faith in himself and his Creator, Fears no one Loves all and believes that all beings are but one interconnected in the Matrix.
3-Alienshifter believes that he or she has a mission to save and Preserve Humanity from all disasters and critical moments such as Pole Shift or WW III.
4-Alienshifter respects all Beliefs and religions since they were given by the Creator to help Man in the search for freedom.
5-Alienshifter telepathically connects and communicates with Extraterrestrial beings on all different levels and Dimensions without even shifting between those dimensions and traveling thru the Star Gates.
6-Alienshifter welcomes all Star Visitors with open arms as an Emissary of The Planet Earth regardless of the Alien Race, Shape or form of the Visitor.
7-Alienshifter may upon agreement at any point in Time visit other galaxies with the help of Star Travelers or to move permanently and habitat other planets.
8-Alienshifter sees the past, present and future of humanity as only a Karmic Wheel of actions and reactions and finds no need to get involved but he or she stands aside and observes all Events pass by one by one and only act as an observer and not involved in the final World wide Conflict.
9-Alienshifter study daily and researches on UFOLOGY Alientology and meditates on the Truth and Light helps and defends all his Group members no matter where in the World or outer world they may be.
10-Alienshifter does not bare ARMS but only to defend.
11-Alienshifter does not join any Alien forces that are in service only to their own cause but Co-Operates with races who are visiting Earth in order to help Humanity.
12-Alienshifter is the Free Citizen of the World does not partake in any Nationalistic or Racial movement in order to help few and not others, Loves all as one.
May Force be with you!
Alienshift, Prepare for Contact the Shift has begun!
David FARMAN
Leader
ALIENSHIFT
New Hope for Humanity
http://www.alienshift.com
Posted by: DAVID FARMAN | 24 March 2005 at 00:31
http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=42151
On Dec. 26, 2003, a 6.6 quake hit the ancient city of Bam in Iran. While the quake was much smaller than the one that struck near the island of Sumatra Sunday, its epicenter was directly under the city.
On Dec. 26, 2004, the 9.0 quake struck in South Asia. While the death toll will be much higher, most of the destructiveness was the result of the giant waves triggered by the earth's movement under the India Ocean.
The 2003 quake hit at 01:56:52 UTC, while the 2004 quake struck at 00:58:55 UTC – exactly one year, 58 minutes apart.
Posted by: Allan Noble | 19 March 2005 at 00:42
maybe you might like to find some new ideas here
Posted by: patrick | 18 March 2005 at 00:27
Hi,
One added piece of evidence to the view that the Asian Tsunami was caused by a gamma ray burst is that the Iranian earthquake of 2003 occured at exactly the same day and time one year before the Asian quake of 2004. This could mean, then, that the Earth was positioned in the same spot relative to where the gamma rays are emanating. The implication is that we could possibly see another huge quake on Boxing Day this year, somewhere in the world. No doubt, you astronomers might be able to predict with some accuracy where this might be, by correlating the 2003 Iranian data, the 2004 Asian data, and the data relating to where the gamma ray explosion is said to have occured. Please keep me informed on these developments.
Posted by: Allan Noble | 17 March 2005 at 16:57